Information Supplied by The Air That We Breathe Group
(Courtesy of UKWIN)
Operator Site Address Licence
Lafarge Industries TROWBRIDGE ROAD, WESTBURY, WILTSHIRE BL7752IT
Process CEMENT AND LIME Manufacture
Material Maximum Reported Emission 1998 – 2006 Effects on Human Health
Ammonia
22.5t Excessive exposure to ammonia may affect the eye, lung, nose, skin and throat.
Boron
17453kg Excessive exposure to boron and its compounds may affect the brain, digestive system, eye, kidney, liver, lung, nose, reproductive system, skin, throat and the unborn child.
Metals
Antimony
10.4kg Excessive exposure to antimony may affect the digestive system, eye, heart, kidney, lung and skin.
Arsenic
4.2kg Arsenic and some of its compounds may cause cancer and genetic damage. Excessive exposures may affect the blood, blood vessels, brain, digestive system, lung, peripheral nerve and skin.
Beryllium
3.43kg Excessive exposure to beryllium may affect the eye, lung and skin, and may cause cancer.
Cadmium
2.7kg Excessive exposure to cadmium and its compounds may affect the blood, blood vessels, bone, digestive system, heart, immune system, kidney, liver and lung, and may cause cancer. Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed. Possible risk of irreversible effects.
Chromium
62.2kg Chromium and its compounds may cause cancer and genetic damage. Excessive exposure may affect the digestive system, kidney, liver, lung, nose, skin and the unborn child.
Copper
29.9kg Excessive exposure to copper and its compounds may affect the digestive system, eye, kidney, liver, lung and nose.
Lead
100kg Lead and some of its compounds may affect the development of the brain in children and the unborn child. Excessive exposure may affect the blood, blood vessels, digestive system, kidney, peripheral nerve, reproductive system and the unborn child, and may cause cancer.
Manganese
100kg Excessive exposure to manganese and its compounds may affect the brain, liver, lung, reproductive system and skin.
Mercury
20.44kg Excessive exposure to mercury and its compounds may affect the brain, digestive system, eye, heart, kidney, lung, reproductive system, skin, and the unborn child.
Nickel
103.83kg Nickel may cause cancer and genetic damage.Excessive exposure to nickel may affect the blood, lung, nose, reproductive system, skin and the unborn child.
Selenium
200kg Excessive exposure to selenium and its compounds may affect the brain, digestive system, eye, heart, liver, lung, peripheral nerve, reproductive system, skin, throat.
Vanadium
100kg Excessive exposure to vanadium compounds may affect the digestive system, eye, liver, skin, throat and the unborn child, and may cause cancer.
Zinc
100kg Excessive exposure to zinc compounds may affect the blood, digestive system, eye, kidney, lung, pancreas, reproductive system, skin and the unborn child.
Ozone 50kg Excessive exposure to ozone may affect the eye and lung.
Carbon dioxide
716004.2t Major contributor to climate change. Climate changes will inevitably influence the health of those directly affected.
Carbon dioxide – ‘chemical’
326000t
Carbon dioxide – ‘thermal’
307000t
Carbon monoxide
678.7t Excessive exposure to carbon mono
xide may affect the blood, brain, heart, and the unborn child.
Nitrogen oxides (as NO2)
3447.7t Excessive exposure to nitrogen oxides may affect the blood, liver, lung and spleen.
Nitrous oxide
15800kg
Sulphur oxides (as SO2)
1685t Excessive exposure to sulphur dioxide may affect the eye, lung and throat.
Hydrogen chloride
52.46t Excessive exposure to hydrogen chloride may affect the eye, lung, nose, skin and throat.
Inorganic chlorine compounds 52466kg
Hydrogen cyanide
<200kg A poisonous gas that affects the central nervous system and can cause death if the exposure is high enough. May cause brain damage at lower than lethal concentrations.
Hydrogen fluoride
<5000kg Potential symptoms of overexposure are irritation of eyes, nose and throat; pulmonary edema; skin and eye burns; nasal congestion; bronchitis.
Inorganic fluorine compounds <5000kg Can cause fluorosis – may damage teeth and bones if exposed to excessive concentrations
Particulate matter
– total 147.91t
PM10 69.5t Particulates affect the heart and lung. COMEAP have concluded that there is an effect on health from any particulate matter.
Methane 50.1t Excessive exposure to methane may affect the brain.
VOC and POP
Volatile Organic Compounds include a large number of toxic chemicals some effects are listed below under the individual chemicals. No one knows the effect of small quantities of lots of organic chemicals acting together.
VOCs (as C) (1998-2001)
268.9t
VOCs (NMVOCs) (2002 onwards)
84t
Benzene
4367.02kg Benzene may cause cancer and genetic damage. Excessive exposure may affect the blood, brain, heart, immune system, liver, lung and skin. Toxic: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation
Butadiene (1,3-Butadiene)
<100kg 1,3-Butadiene may cause cancer and genetic damage. Excessive exposure may affect the blood, brain, eye, heart, kidney, lung, nose and throat.
Styrene
<100kg Excessive exposure to styrene may affect the blood, brain, eye, immune system, kidney, liver, lung, skin and throat.
Carbon disulphide
<1000kg Excessive exposure to carbon disulphide may affect the brain, eye, heart, liver, lung, reproductive system, skin, and the unborn child.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
There is rapidly increasing body of evidence supporting the conclusion that carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) produce severe, long-term immunotoxicity. This may be related to the structure of the carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons since immune alterations have not been observed following exposure to noncarcinogenic congeners. Evidence exists to indicate that mixtures of PAHs are carcinogenic in humans. The evidence in humans comes primarily from occupational studies of workers exposed to mixtures containing PAHs as a result of their involvement in such processes as coke production, roofing, oil refining, or coal gasification (e.g., coal tar, roofing tar, soot, coke oven emissions, soot, crude oil)… . PAHs, however, have not been clearly identified as the causative agent. Cancer associated with exposure to PAH-containing mixtures in humans occurs predominantly in the lung and skin following inhalation and dermal exposure, respectively. Some ingestion of PAHs is likely because of swallowing of particles containing PAHs subsequent to mucociliary clearance of these particulates from the lung.
PAHs (borneff six)
630.88kg
Benzo(a)Pyrene
<1kg Benzo(a)pyrene may cause cancer and genetic damage. Excessive exposure may affect the blood, immune system, reproductive system and the unborn child. May cause heritable genetic damage; May impair fertility;
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
<1kg probable human carcinogen, increased incidences of skin, lung, bladder & gastrointestinal cancer. Pregnant women may be especially susceptible to exposure effects associated with coal tar pitch volatiles like benzo(b)fluoranthene and other pahs.
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
<1kg Possibly genotoxic
Benzo(k)fluoranthene <1kg probable human carcinogen.
Chrysene
<10kg probable human carcinogen. Pregnant women may be especially susceptible to exposure effects associated with coal tar pitch volatiles. Persons with existing skin disorders may be more susceptible to the effects of coal tar pitch volatiles
Indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene
<1kg The agent is possibly carcinogenic to humans. caused increased incidences of lung and genitourinary cancer mortality
Naphthalene
<10000kg Excessive exposure to naphthalene may affect the blood, breastfed baby, eye, lung and the unborn child.
Organo-chlorine and organo-fluorine compounds
CFCs (as C) (1998-2001)
<100kg Damage the ozone layer so may affect health indirectly through increased uv radiation at ground level.
CFCs (total mass 2002 onwards)
<50kg
Carbon tetrachloride
<100kg Excessive exposure to carbon tetrachloride may affect the brain, digestive system, eye, kidney, liver and skin, and may cause cancer.
Dioxins and furans – as ITEQ 70 mg Excessive exposure to dioxins may affect the heart, immune system, liver, skin, thyroid gland and the unborn child, and may cause cancer.
Dioxins and furans- as WHO TEQ 40 mg
Halons (as C) (1998-2001) <100kg Chemicals containing fluorine and chlorine. Many cause cancer or have narcotic effects. They can be associated with dioxin formation.
Halons (total) (2002 onwards) <50kg
HCFCs (as C) (1998-2001) <100kg
HCFCs (total) (2002 onwards) <1000kg
HFCs (as C) (1998-2001) <100kg
HFCs (total) (2002 onwards) <100kg
PCBs as WHO TEQ .02g
PFCs (as C) (1998-2001) <100kg
<100kg
Phosgene (Carbonic dichloride)
<100kg Excessive exposure to phosgene may affect eye, lung, skin and throat.
Methyl chloride
<10000kg Excessive exposure to chloromethane may affect the brain, eye, heart, kidney, liver, reproductive system and skin, and may cause cancer.
Sulphur hexafluoride <100kg Excessive exposure to sulphur hexafluoride may affect the brain.
Source: The Air That We Breathe.
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